{"id":3652,"date":"2022-12-02T08:36:23","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T07:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/?p=3652"},"modified":"2023-02-28T15:26:50","modified_gmt":"2023-02-28T14:26:50","slug":"biometrics-has-brought-faster-modernised-elections-to-albania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/biometrics-has-brought-faster-modernised-elections-to-albania\/","title":{"rendered":"Biometrics has brought faster, modernised elections to Albania"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1500\" height=\"737\" src=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-Albania-cover.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3653\" srcset=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-Albania-cover.png 1500w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-Albania-cover-300x147.png 300w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-Albania-cover-1024x503.png 1024w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-Albania-cover-300x147@2x.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4>Contributor<\/h4>\n\n\n<div class=\"contributor\">\n    <img src=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/foto3.png\" class=\"contributor__image\" alt=\"\">\n    <div class=\"contributor__text\">\n        <h3>Alexander Rakov<\/h3>\n<p>Sales Vice President for Europe, Smartmatic<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>In 2021, Albania revolutionised the way people vote in the country. During the last national elections, citizens cast their ballots using electronic voting machines, while state-of-the-art fingerprint biometric technology was used for voter authentication. The new system sped up the elections \u2013 reducing them from two days to just one \u2013 and it has received overall applause. So how has the voting process changed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Albania only began holding democratic elections in the 1990s. Like much of the world, the country historically used manual processes for election tasks \u2013 essentially, paper and pen. Voters presented their ID at the polling station, and poll workers manually looked up their registration in bound paper files to confirm their eligibility to vote. At that time, elections lasted for two days.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, the Central Election Commission of Albania \u2013 the independent agency responsible for conducting parliamentary and local elections in the Republic \u2013 decided that it was the right time to start modernising the voting system. Despite the country not having experienced any particular issues with unreliable IDs, multiple voting, or other fraudulent voting processes, Albania\u2019s electoral commission wanted to utilise technology to set up superior elections that would be both faster, and provide an increasingly transparent voting process.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>The main reasons countries might consider using biometrics in their elections:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Citizens do not have <strong>reliable and trusted identification documents <\/strong>that can be used for voter registration;<\/li><li><strong>Multiple registrations<\/strong> are a major problem;<\/li><li><strong>Multiple voting and voter identification<\/strong> at polling stations are major problems;<\/li><li><strong>Voter registers cannot be extracted<\/strong> from other reliable and trusted registers;<\/li><li>It is <strong>difficult to establish the identity of citizens<\/strong> based on reliable IDs at the polling stations.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">More info: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idea.int\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/introducing-biometric-technology-in-elections-reissue.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Introducing Biometric Technology in Elections (2017), International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>In 2020,<strong> <\/strong>the Albanian authorities amended the country\u2019s legal framework to enable biometric voter verification. They then partnered with Smartmatic \u2013 a world leader in creating and implementing secure election technology and voting systems \u2013 to rapidly build a new system that included electronic voting and digitalised voter authentication, thus substituting paper and pen at the polling stations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe leaders of the country recognised that biometrics would enhance the integrity of Albania\u2019s elections,\u201d says Alexander Rakov, Sales Vice President for Europe at Smartmatic. Actually, there are many motivations leading countries to modernise their election systems and opt for biometrics: transparency, security, and speeding up processes being the most common. But Albania had one more. \u201cOne of the unique motivations for Albania was its desire to join the EU. Albania only began holding democratic elections in the 1990s, and to qualify for admittance to the EU it needed to prove its elections were valid,\u201d comments Rakov<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2>Modernised elections in Albania \u2013 how they look<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2021 the Central Electoral Commission of Albania deployed more than 5,500<strong> <\/strong>biometric<strong> <\/strong>voter verification devices to over 3,300 locations \u2013 it was a nationwide affair. The Electoral Commission, working together with Smartmatic, launched a voter-education campaign some months before the elections to explain the new registration and check-in processes to the public.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAt the same time, Smartmatic recruited and trained more than 400 people to work in help desk, field support, and logistics roles,\u201d explains Rakov. \u201cThe company provided warehouse services, equipment configuration, and onsite tech support. Smartmatic also installed and equipped a primary and secondary data centre.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Everything was ready for election day.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The biometric<strong> <\/strong>voter verification device is a fingerprint reader that registers voters&#8217; fingerprints when they come to the polling stations on election day. The operational model for voter verification in Albania does not need voters\u2019 fingerprint records prior to an election:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>&#8220;<em>It was a nationwide affair<\/em> <em>\u2013<\/em><\/em> <em>the Central Electoral Commission of Albania deployed more than 5,500 biometric voter verification devices to over 3,300 locations.<\/em>&#8220;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe system consists of two parts,\u201d explains Rakov. \u201cFirst, it captures voters&#8217; fingerprints during the verification process at the polling stations. Then after the election, the collected fingerprints are matched to identify potential cases of double voting. In case of double voting, these cases are identified by an Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS) and sent to an audit process with the authorities in Albania.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After verification, Albanian voters were able to cast their ballots electronically using touchscreen devices, to elect 140 lawmakers from the 1,841 candidates. The electronic voting machines confirmed each voter&#8217;s operation and printed a ballot receipt.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-bottom\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\"><strong>Why are thumbprints used for biometric verification?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Thumbprints are usually preferred because <strong>they provide the largest number of unique identifying points:<\/strong> curves, ellipsis, rounds \u2013 details that are often called minutiae. These points are the top-level means of demarcation used to classify prints within data sets.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large width640\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"635\" src=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/02-Albania-transparent-1024x635.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3969\" srcset=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/02-Albania-transparent-1024x635.png 1024w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/02-Albania-transparent-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/02-Albania-transparent-1536x952.png 1536w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/02-Albania-transparent.png 1600w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/02-Albania-transparent-300x186@2x.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2>The biometric technology behind it<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Automated Biometric Identification System (ABIS) used in Albania uses fingerprints captured with a high-resolution fingerprint reader. It is state-of-the-art technology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis is very different from the Automated Fingerprint Identification System \u2013 AFIS in short \u2013 that law enforcement uses for latent fingerprints. The inherently low quality of latent fingerprints makes comparisons difficult \u2013 even for high-quality AFIS equipment. This translates into longer processing times and potentially lower accuracy rates,\u201d explains Rakov.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Law enforcement AFIS&#8217; typically use an assortment of biometric scanning devices to capture a variety of print types that have been collected using different methods. For example, single fingerprints, 10-prints or palm prints that have all been collected via different methods, e.g. ink on paper using a range of different inks and paper finishes, or partial latent prints that have been extracted from countless types of surfaces and materials. The ABIS deployed by the Central Electoral Commission of Albania for Voter Authentication purposes does not face any of these challenges.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThumbprints are scanned and digitised directly into the system with high-resolution devices that use a uniform process every time. This produces consistent, high-quality data that is much faster to read and match. The information is processed in the device with AES-256 data encryption,\u201d Rakov concludes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2>Verifiable, fast, and transparent processes: all the things that worked for good<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The modernisation of elections in Albania was definitely a success. After the country\u2019s 2021 Parliamentary election and following the deployment of the new voting system, six Albanian municipalities used the same solutions for their local elections in March 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>&#8220;Biometrics give election officials a means of ensuring verifiable identification of citizens when they register to vote, and authentication when the same citizen checks in at the polling station to cast their ballot.&#8221;<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLike many other countries, Albanian officials quickly understood the benefits of utilising biometric technology. Biometrics give election officials a means of ensuring verifiable and incontrovertible identification of citizens when they register to vote, and authentication when the same citizen checks in at the polling station to cast their ballot,\u201d explains Rakov. At the polling station, it greatly sped up the check-in process, which is a benefit to both voters and poll workers.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"small-takeout-box\">\n    <div class=\"row\">\n        <div class=\"col-lg-5 col-4\">\n            <img width=\"227\" height=\"227\" src=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-227x227.png\" class=\"attachment-small-takeout size-small-takeout\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-227x227.png 227w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-186x186.png 186w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-414x414.png 414w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-227x227@2x.png 454w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-150x150@2x.png 300w, https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/01-BTS-cover-update-186x186@2x.png 372w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/>\n\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"col-lg-7 col-8\">\n            <div class=\"small-takeout-box__content\">\n                <a href=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/behind-the-scenes-safeguarding-one-person-one-vote-in-guinea\/\" class=\"small-takeout-box__read-more\" target=\"_blank\">Read more<\/a>\n                <h2 class=\"small-takeout-box__title\">\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/innovatrics.com\/trustreport\/behind-the-scenes-safeguarding-one-person-one-vote-in-guinea\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Behind the scenes: Safeguarding \u201cone person, one vote\u201d for Guinea&#8217;s millions of registered voters                    <\/a>\n                <\/h2>\n            <\/div>\n\n\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Plus, in between elections, biometrics has provided authorities with a tool to verifiably de-duplicate voter registers. \u201cThis ties back into another benefit to voters,\u201d says Rakov, \u201cas their personal information will remain intact regardless of changes in their life, such as relocating or divorce.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2>Thumbs up for the new technology<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The system worked as planned, with the voter-education campaign most likely having made a big difference in preparing voters prior to election day. Generally, Albanian officials, election officials from neighbouring countries, and third-party election observation missions all dubbed the implementation a success.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe observed some of these centres, and I can say that it was an extraordinary success,\u201d said Valdete Daka, Chair of the Central Election Commission in neighbouring Kosovo. Azay Guliyev, a special coordinator of the OSCE\/ODIHR Election Observation Mission, observed that the authentication system reduced the risk of family voting. Family voting is when a family member \u2013 typically a patriarch \u2013&nbsp; dictates voting to other members of their family or votes in place of that family member. \u201cI hope this technology will be used more in future elections,\u201d said Guliyev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ursula Gacek, Head of the Election Observation Mission, said that these elections showed that confidence in the electoral process is continuing to be restored. \u201cLast year&#8217;s political agreement prompted important reforms and led to the introduction of electronic technology, which served to increase confidence in the electoral process.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p><em>\u201cThere are no mistakes because everything is automatic.\u201d According to citizens, the process has been faster \u2013 a matter of seconds \u2013 and the results of the elections also came out faster.&#8221;<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, citizens too have emphasised that an automatic system leads to greater trust from their point of view: \u201cThere are no mistakes because everything is automatic.\u201d According to interviewees, the process has been faster \u2013 a matter of seconds \u2013 and the results of the elections also came out faster.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The overall feeling in the population is that Albania will continue to use electronic voting and biometrics. And this will likely be the case. \u201cAlbania has stated publicly that it is committed to continually enhancing its election integrity. Biometrics is a big part of that commitment, as evidenced by the Central Electoral Commission of Albania\u2019s use of this technology in two sequential elections,\u201d concludes Alexander Rakov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-small-font-size\" style=\"color:#7c878e\"><strong>AUTHOR<\/strong><br>Giovanni Blandino<br><br><strong>PHOTOS<\/strong><br>Shutterstock<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Albania revolutionised the way people vote in the country. The new system sped up the elections \u2013 reducing them from two days to just one. So how has the voting process changed?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":3653,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[54,59,30],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.6.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Biometrics has brought faster, modernised elections to Albania - Innovatrics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In 2021, Albania revolutionised the way people vote in the country. During the last national elections, citizens cast their ballots using electronic voting machines, while state-of-the-art fingerprint biometric technology was used for voter authentication. The new system sped up the elections \u2013 reducing them from two days to just one \u2013 and it has received overall applause. 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